· Islam: The testimony of an unbeliever is unacceptable,· Adulthood and sanity· Speech: The testimony of a dumb person who cannot speak is unacceptable.· Accuracy and good memory,· Probity.· The testimony of a f siq, or transgressor, is unacceptable,
To bear witness that pertains to the rights of human beings is a collective duty. If anyone is needed to bear testimony in order to clarify the rights of the parties in a particular dispute, then it is the duty of that person to give testimony. Allah says: ‘Witnesses must not refuse when they are called in’ (2: 282). To Give testimony is a duty: Allah says: ‘You shall not withhold testimony, for he that withholds testimony is sinful at heart’ (2: 283).
Whoever does not offer prayers, denying it as an obligation, is, in effect, a disbeliever and such deliberate negligence places the one who is guilty of it outside the Islamic faith.
‘Muhammad is Allah’s messenger’, means that we are required ‘to obey all his orders, believe whatever he stated and refrain from everything he prohibited.
I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of being worshipped other than Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is Allah’s messenger.’ This declaration testifying to two important facts is the gateway to Islam.