Pledge of security
Pledge of security is terminology to describe the international relations nowadays. Rulings identified before by Muslim scholars needs to be revised according to the current international agreements.
AbdulRahman Bin Abdulkarim Al-Sheha
Dhimmah and jizyah
Dhimmah is the money paid by non-believers to the government to benefit from the services and protection offered. Financials should follow Islamic regulations while religious beliefs are theirs to handle.